In “Doshisha University OpenCourseWare,” materials actually used in classes of Doshisha University are made openly available through the Internet.

“Doshisha University OpenCourseWare” is not provided for the purposes of credit earning or qualification for a degree.

The rights to the materials made available in this site, except for those with special notes, remain the property of the teachers of Doshisha University.

If you make use of the materials made available in this site, please acknowledge the source of the materials as “Doshisha University OpenCourseWare.”